Place the whole chicken breast-side up into a large Dutch oven. Tuck the celery, carrot, onion, bay leaf, and thyme around the chicken. Pour in enough cool water to just cover everything. Season generously with kosher salt and black pepper to build the flavor base. Cover the pot, bring to a gentle simmer, and let it cook for about 1 to 1 ½ hours.
Once the chicken is fully cooked and tender, turn off the heat and allow it to rest in the warm broth for 30 minutes. This helps the meat stay juicy. Carefully remove the chicken from the pot, and when it’s cool enough to handle, shred the meat into medium pieces. Discard the bones and skin—they’ve already done their job flavoring the broth.
Strain the broth to remove the vegetables and herbs, returning only the clear, rich liquid to the pot. Add the shredded chicken back into the pot. Bring it all to a gentle simmer again. Stir in your egg noodles (or any pasta you prefer) and cook according to the package directions, usually about 6–8 minutes for wide egg noodles, until al dente.
Turn off the heat and stir in fresh lemon juice to brighten the flavors. Taste and adjust seasoning with more salt and pepper if needed. Ladle the hot chicken and noodles into bowls and garnish with fresh herbs like parsley or thyme if desired. Serve hot and enjoy this comforting meal straight from the pot.